Presenter: Hello, beautiful people.
In this video, we are going to cover filesystem.
What is a filesystem?
It is a system used by a computer operating system
to manage your files and directories.
The system controls how data is saved
or retrieved from your computer hard disk.
Let's compare a computer file system with a simple closet.
Now looking at this closet,
you'll see we have our shirts, on one section of the closet.
Our accessories go to different sections
skirts to a different sections, jackets,
shoes, and pants, and so on.
We organize them or we put them
in a different sections of our closet.
Now, if you don't do this
and you just throw all your clothes
in one big closet, then what will happen?
Then your closet is gonna look like this, a complete mess.
So, it'll be so hard for you
if to pull out a jeans that you're looking for or socks.
So that is why the file system was born to avoid it,
this cluttered way of things.
So operating system stores file
and directories in an organized and structured way.
For example, system configuration files would go
to one folder, user files to another,
log files to another folder.
Commands or scripts will go to a different folder and so on.
There are many different types of file systems.
In general, improvements have been made to file system
with new releases of operating system
and each new file system has been given a different name.
So whenever there's a new release in the operating system,
usually that comes with an improved
or an enhanced file system.
So, let's take a look at a few operating systems.
There are ext3, ext4, xfs,
and by the way, these three file systems
are the Linux file system
whereas NTFS and FAT are the Windows file system.
Alright, so if we go to our Windows machine,
I have my Windows 10 machine here.
And let's say if I go to my file explorer
and I'll go to my C-Drive, which is right here
and you'll see it has a predefined folders.
When I had my first operating system was built.
So the program files and program files x86.
These two folders are used to store the applications
that are installed on your computer.
They go in these folders,
whereas when you create uses in your computer,
your operating system put that uses profiles
into this directory.
Going back, similarly windows, the operating system files,
the configurations will go to this folder.
So, it's a lot easier for the operating system to pull
or retrieve the files it needs
because it knows which folder to look for.
Now, if I go to my Linux operating system,
which is right here, let me log in
and I have the terminal open right here.
So I would have to go
into CD slash because everything starts
from the slash, which the route directory, hit enter,
and I would do ls - l.
And right here, you'll notice everything will start
from these directories or folders.
Just like in Windows, everything start from D.
In Linux, everything starts from slash,
so you have VIN directory, Boot at C
where the configuration file go, home is where
all the user directories are located.
Then you have /opt where the programs are running.
Then you have /sbin,
that's where your commands and scripts are located.
Then you have temp directory,
you have wire directory where your log files are located.
So that's how the Linux operating system
has its own structured way to save the files
and directories.
So that's what exactly a file system is
and I hope you could remember that you could compare
that completely with the closet
and then you will never forget what a filesystem is.